Weed Identification Guide. What is an environmental weed?

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PDF 17 pages 50 species 61 images. By Sunshine Coast Council, Queensland, Australia. Council has produced this brochure (and others) to assist landowners with weed identification and control and in choosing native replacement species. Environmental weeds are non-local plants that easily reproduce in natural areas and then degrade the environmental values of that area. Where do environmental weeds come from? Environmental weeds come from outside the local area ? and have left their competitors and predators behind! Many come from overseas, but plants native to another part of Australia, or even another part of Queensland, have become environmental weeds on the Sunshine Coast. Most environmental weeds are deliberate introductions - over 70% of environmental weeds have entered Australia as garden plants and many others were introduced for agricultural purposes ? especially for fodder and salinity management. ?Weedy? plants often have one or more of these characteristics:
? abundant viable seed production
? rapid population growth
? seed dormancy
? hard-seededness
? vegetative reproduction
? effective seed dispersal
? is a weed somewhere else
? more than one reproductive method

Cocos palm Syagrus romanzoffiana

Cadagi Corymbia torelliana and hybrids

Camphor laurel Cinnamomum camphora

Exotic pines Pinus taeda Pinus caribaea, Pinus elliottii

Chinese Celtis Celtis sinensis

Queensland umbrella tree Schefflera actinophylla

Large-leaved privet Ligustrum lucidum

African tulip tree Spathodea campanulata

Golden rain tree Koelreuteria elegans

Leucaena Leucaena leucocephala

Himalayan ash Fraxinus ornus (featured)

Mountain ash Fraxinus griffithii

Brazilian cherry Eugenia uniflora

Running bamboo Arundinaria spp.

Golden bamboo Phyllostachys aurea

Moso bamboo P. pubescens

Duranta Geisha girl Sheena?s gold Duranta repens (syn. D. erecta)

Small-leaved privet Ligustrum sinense

Murraya Murraya paniculata (syn. Murraya exotica

Yellow bells Tecoma stans

Buddleja Buddleja madagascariensis

Groundsel bush Baccharis halimifolia

Lantana Lantana camara

Ochna, Mickey Mouse plant Ochna serrulata

Ardisia, coral berry Ardisia crenata, A. crispa, A. humilis

Easter Cassia Senna pendula var. glabrata

Purple splash Alternanthera dentata

Mistflower Ageratina riparia

Fishbone fern Nephrolepis cordifolia

Creeping Lantana Lantana montevidensis

Red Salvia Salvia coccinea

Singapore daisy Sphagneticola trilobata

Broad-leaved Paspalum Paspalum mandiocanum

Wandering jew Tradescantia albiflora

Broad-leaved carpet grass Axonopus compressus

Madeira vine Anredera cordifolia

Climbing Asparagus fern Asparagus africanus

White moth vine Araujia sericifera

Blue morning glory (featured) Ipomoea indica

Moon flower Ipomoea alba

Cat?s claw vine Macfadyena unguis-cati

Blue trumpet vine Thunbergia grandiflora

Brazilian nightshade Solanum seaforthianum

Japanese honeysuckle Lonicera japonica

Axillaris, archer axillaris Macrotyloma axillare

Siratro Macroptilium atropurpureum

Silver leaved Desmodoium D. uncinatum

Glycine Neonotonia wightii

Salvinia Salvinia molesta

Elephant?s ears, Taro Colocasia spp.

Water lettuce Pistia stratiotes

Water hyacinth Eichhornia crassipes

References and further reading
Native plants and gardening
Association of Societies for Growing Australian Plants. http://asgap.org.au
Brisbane Rainforest Action and Information Network (BRAIN) http://www.brisrain.webcentral.com.au
Eustace, R. (1996) Indigenous Gardening ? Growing local native plants. McBenny Pty Ltd, Cannon Hill
Harden, G.J., McDonald, W.J.F. & Williams J.B. (2006) Rainforest Trees and Shrubs. A field guide to their identification. Gwen Harden Publishing
Harden, G.J., McDonald, W.J.F. & Williams J.B. (2007) Rainforest Climbing Plants. A field guide to their identification. Gwen Harden Publishing
Haslam, S. (2007) Noosa?s Native Plants. Noosa Integrated Catchment Assoc. Inc., Tewantin http://www.noosasnativeplants.com.au
Logan River Branch Society for Growing Australian Plants (2008). Mangroves to Mountains: A field guide to the native plants of SEQ (Vols 1 & 2). Logan River Branch SGAP, Browns Plains, Brisbane.
Nicholson, N. & H. (1985 ? 2004) Australian Rainforest Plants I ? VI. Terania Rainforest Publishing, The Channon, NSW
Queensland Museum (2003) Wild Plants of Greater Brisbane. Queensland Museum, Brisbane.
Sunshine Coast Regional Council website and follow the links: http://www.sunshinecoast.qld.gov.au/

Weeds
Cooperative Research Centre for Australian Weed Management. http://www.weeds.crc.org.au/
Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries Biosecurity Queensland News and Factsheets about weeds and other pests Http://www/dpi.qld.gov.au
Ermert, S. (2005) Gardener?s Companion to Weeds. Ken Fin Books, Victoria
Kleinschmidt, H., Holland, A. and Simpson, P. (1996) Suburban Weeds. 3rd Edition. Qld Department of Primary Industries and Fisheries
Weeds Australia http://www.weeds.org.au

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